Title : the Affects of Temperature on Enzymes Activity

Title : the affects of temperature on enzymes activity 1. The Problem: measuring and recording the digestion of carbohydrates by enzyme amylase 2. Independent variable: water bath temperature 3. Dependent variable: the time taken for the carbohydrates to get digested by amylases 4. Controls: the amounts of the carbohydrates and the enzymes in the reaction 5. Quantitative measurement: Time | Temperature | Enzymes concentration | Substrate concentration | Starches Indicators | Catalysts | In minutes | Cloven /Celeste | Per millimetre cube | Per millimetre cube | Per drop | No catalyst | 1.Materials: 6 water bathes. test tubes, test tube rack , amylase enzymes , carbohydrate form ( flower or ,potato), thermometers , indicator ,stop clock ,protection (lab coat, goggles ) 2. Procedure: * prepare 6 test tubes with 10 cm of carbohydrate milk and misuse 5 cm of amylase enzymes in a cringe and add to test tube also indicator should be add and there is no catalyst in this experiments * Place t he test tubes on the water baths Water baths should be with fixed temperatures from 10 ,20,30,40,50,60,70 * Start the stop clock as soon as the test tube in the water bath * Keep an eye on the test tube till colour change is observed and the take the test tube out and tack time measurements * Also every temperature measurements should be done individually that the other tests to eliminate error (no one can be in 6 places at the same time ) * Make a table and record the time taken to the enzymes to work and digest the substrate at each temperature individually *Draw a graph Make your conclusion based on the results Hypothesis:. the affect of temperatures on rate of typical enzyme –controlled reaction up to about 40c the rate increases smoothly, also a 10 degree increase of the temperature accompanied by approximate doubling in of the rate of the reaction this is the normal temperature rule of chemical reactions in general, above this temperature the rate starts to fall off the n decline rapidly . above 60 degree the rate ceases or stop completely. . Explanation: increase of reaction why? Increases in the temperature of a system results from increases in the kinetic energy of the system. This has several effects on the rates of reactions, 1-the increase in temperature will increase the activation energy of a molecules there for it has more potential to react and change status Also the temperature will make the molecules move faster and as a result more collision will be possible per/minute . Enzyme’s activity stops why? Altogether and that is because of the heat changes the shape of the enzyme molecules preventing them from working ,this is called (denaturation ) in fact enzymes will denature and any temperature that is why they cannot be used over and over again ,however the higher the temperature the less time it takes for the denaturation to occurs . 5. Risk assessmentHazard | Risk | How to avoid | What happens in case of accident | Risk probabil ity to occurs | Heat from hot water bath| Burning | Handel with care | Seek medical help| Big risk| Enzymes | Biological hazards (irritant | Handel with correct equipment | Wash under water tape | Medium | Glass equipment | Injury or a glass cute| Try to handel with care | Seek medical help | Big | Thermometer | In case it breaks contain mercury | Handle with care Don’t move it from the water bath unless by the lab specialist | Seek eargent medical help in case of contact with mercury | Big | Electrical wire from water baths | Electrocuted or starting a fire | But it out of the way not in contact with water | Seek medical help | Small | Source | Reference | Was it useful | Used for | Advanced biology | Michael Kent, 2004. Advanced Biology. Edition. Oxford University Press| yes| Background information | Biology – Principles and Processes| M B V Roberts, 1993. Biology: Principles and Processes Pb. Edition. Thomas Nelson. | Yes | Methods | Web | Effect of temperature on e nzyme activity. 2012. Effect of temperature on enzyme activity. [ONLINE] Available at: http://academic. brooklyn. cuny. edu/biology/bio4fv/page/enz_act. htm. [Accessed 13 November 2012]. | Yes | | | | | |